Here’s some cool research: Embedded sensors that detect cracks in advanced composite materials deployed in aircraft and spacecraft can also generate heat that can be used to heal the structural damage.
It’s from a study underway at the University of Alabama with initial funding from the US Air Force that lately uses AI to detect critical damage to a component while in flight.
“The idea came to us more than a decade ago while we were focused on improving damage detection in composite materials,” said Dr. Samit Roy, a professor in aerospace engineering and mechanics at UA.
Roy’s lab uses advanced materials like carbon fiber-epoxy composites enhanced with shape memory polymers and thermoplastic powders. The normal heat generated by the sensors designed to detect imperfections is enough to heal cracks that are revealed.
AI and sensor data are integrated into what Roy called a “digital twin on steroids,” according to a release from UA. The digital twin model predicts structural damage and actively participates in healing it, the university said. “Instead of relying solely on scheduled maintenance, we’re shifting toward condition-based maintenance. This doesn’t eliminate maintenance, but it buys time. Especially in remote or hostile environments, such as encountered in space exploration, where extending flight time safely can make a significant difference.”
With continued study, he said the technology could improve structural integrity standards in aerospace engineering. “Nature already does this—our bodies detect and heal damage. We’re simply applying that concept to engineered systems.”